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The Battle of Marathon was fought in August or September 490 BC during the Persian Wars (498 BC-448 BC) between Greece and the Persian Empire. Following Greek support for an uprising in Ionia (a coastal area in modern-day western Turkey), Darius I, emperor of the Persian Empire dispatched forces west to inflict retribution on those Greek city-states that had aided the rebels. After a failed naval expedition in 492 BC, Darius sent a second army two years later.