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This essay sheds light on a relatively neglected 17th-century English thinker, Sir Thomas Browne ; and rereads his works with modern lenses. It highlights his insightful contribution to modern thought. Browne is a man of the modern age. His legacy to modern thought clearly appears through his works. He raises the issue of the relationship between science and religion, and posits archeology and anthropology as disciplines that help better understand past, present, and future societies.
Browne ultimately comes up with epistemological premises which anticipate the Popperian concepts of testability, falsiftability and refutability applied to truth. He also anticipates Darwin and definitely announces Bachelard in so far as he regards errors as "epistemological obstacles" which hinder man in his quest for truth. From a semantic perspective, it is noteworthy to point out that Sir Thomas Browne coined hundreds of words, some of which are still in use in modern discourse : medical, electricity, suicide, insecurity, deductive, exhaustion...